DIGLOSSIA

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DIGLOSSIA
Diglossia is a relatively stable language situation in which, in addition to the primary dialects of the language (which may include a standard or regional standards) (Ferguson in Hudson, 1980:54)
Wardhaugh (1998: 90) identify that in the Arabic situation the two are Classical Arabic (High variety) and the various regional colloquial varieties (L varieties).
In Haiti the varieties are Standard French (H) and Haitian Creole (L).
Diglossia refers to the situation where two distinct varieties are used in different functions, one is only used in formal occasion (H variety) and the other in formal occasion (L variety). H variety is generally the prestige variety and is never used for everyday interaction. In a community where more than two language are employed, the concept of polyglossia is appropriate to use.
Fasold (1984), known as his broad diglossia concepts, names three types of diglossia. Double overlapping diglossia refers top double different level and function of languages appears. Double nested diglossia appears if H and L varieties have their own H and L varieties. Linear diglossia is found when there are more than one H varieties, more than one medium varieties, and some L varieties.

FORMATIVE TEST 3
1)   Using the information provided in the above explanation, answer the following question about the differences between H and L in diglossia communities!
a.  How are H and L linguistically related/ are they distinct languages or varieties of the same language?
They are different varieties of the same language
b.  How are they used in the community?
They are used in mutually exclusive situations. Where H is appropriate, L is not and vice versa. H is used in formal contexts and L in less formal contexts.
c.  Which is used for conversation with family and friends?
Only L is used for conversation with family and friends
d.  How is each variety learned?
L is learned naturally in the home. H is learned more formally, usually in school.
e.  Which has most prestige?
In general H has more prestige
f.   Which is codified in grammar books and dictionaries ?
H is generally standardized and codified in grammar book and dictionary
g.  In which variety is literature usually written?
Literature is usually written in H

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